Machine for forging metal shapes



(No Model.) S S '4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. G. B-ARNHURST.

MACHINE FOR FORGING METAL SHAPES. 7 No. 550,384. Patented Nov; 2 1895.

WITNESSES: /N VE N 70/? WW 24 MM A TTOHNEYS (No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 2.

H. G. BARNHURST. MACHINE FOR EORGING METAL SHAPES.

No. 550,384.. v Patented Nov. 26, 1895.

WITNESSES;

HWENTOH X WM A Z'TOHNE rs AN DEE" GRAHAM.PHOTO-UTNQWASNINGTONj C (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

H. G. BARNHURST. MACHINE FOR FORGING METAL SHAPES.

No. 550,384. Patented Nov. 26, 1895.

WITNESSES: /NVENTO/'7 0951mm; fw 4M A TTOHNEYJ ANDREW 5.6RAHAM. PHOTO-LHHQWASNINGTOKEC 4 Sheets-$het 4.

INVENTOH ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 26, 1895.

(No Model.)

H. G. BARNHURST. MACHINE FOR FOBGING METAL SHAPES.

W/ TNESSE w mi? mechanism in position to operate upon the U ITED STATES HENRY G. BARNHURST, O

PATE T OFFICE.

F ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHlN E FOR FORGING METAL SHAPES.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,384, dated November26, 1895.

' Application filed December 24,1894. Serial rotsasse. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY G. BARNHURST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forging Metal 1 Shapes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to j make and use the same.

This invention relates to machines for forging shapes of metal; and it consists in oer-f tain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described, an d pointed out in the claims. I

More particularly, the invention relates to 1 machines for forging shapes similar to double cranks of the form ordinarily used on centercrank engines, and in the accompanying drawings and description I have shown and described a machine for forging double cranks from round bars, which will best illustrate my invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a perspective View of half of the die with the bar to be shaped in place to be op,- erated upon and the swages and actuating bar. Fig. 2 shows a view of the same parts in the position assumed at the completion of an operation. Fig. 3 shows a section of the die with the swages and actuating mechanism in the position shown in Fig. 1, the line of section being just to the left of the crossswage D, looking to the right. Fig. at shows the die in a press in the position assumed at the completion of an operation.

The die A is preferably made in two parts, secured together by any suitable means, such as the bolts A, and the parts are provided with grooves, which, when the parts are together, form the channels or ways a and a. The bar B, previously heated, if necessary, is placed in the channel a, the bottom of which is shaped to conform to the shape of the under side of the barin this instance, a half-round. The longitudinally-moving side swages C are placed in the channel a. over the bar. These swages O are of such size and shape transversely as to completely fill the channel a, the bottoms being provided with half round grooves c, which fit over the bar, so that the 1 die and the swages completely inclose it. 1 They are each initially placed with their inner ends at some distance from the laterally-moving cross-swage D, which is preferably placed at the center of the die, so that a portion of the bar between the swages is exposed. The cross-swage D moves in .a slot a? transversely to the swages O and operates laterally upon the bar. This cross-swage is provided with the swage-face d, which is primarily in contact with the under side of the bar and of the shape it is desired to give the under side of the wrist-pin b, ordinarly a half round. At the lower end of the cross-swage D are beveled faces d,-upon which operate the wedge-face e of the keys E in the channel a. In the construction here shown there are two keys,one each way; but I do not wish to be limited to this number, as one or more than two may be used. Initially the keys E and the swages C extend out of the die, substantially as shown in Fig. 1, the keys, as here shown, extending out of the die somewhat farther than the swages 0.

Any ordinary press may be used. In the one shown in Fig. 4, F marks the cylinder; f, the supply-pipe; F, the follower, and G a stationary head connected with the cylinder by rods g.

Having the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, the machine is placed in the press with the keys and swages in line with the movement of the press-followers. As the keys are pushed in, the wedge-surfaces e operate upon the cross-swage and move it upward to the position shown in Fig. 2. This bends the bar up between the swages against the top of the channel a, which is properly formed to shape the upper side of the wristpin 1), and when the cross-swage has been moved up the swage-surface d and the top of the channel completely inclose and form the wrist-pin. At the completion of theupward movement the wedge -surfaces 6 will have passed under the cross-swage, and the keys E, which are parallel-sided, can move inwardly to allow the further movement of the press and at the same time effectually lock the crossswage in its second position. In the machine shown this upward bending of the bar draws its ends inwardly to a position in the plane of the ends of the swages 0. As the press proceeds, the keys move under the crossswage, as described, and the side swages C and the bar are pressed in to the position shown in Fig. 2. At the ends of the swages are shoulders c, for limiting this inward movement so as to give the sides I) of the crank the proper thickness.

It is essential to this style of cranks that the angle between the crankshaft b and the sides Z) be a right angle and that the angle between the sides and the wrist-pin be also a right angle, so that the bearing or crank boxes at each side of the crank may be as little distance out of the line of the force exerted upon the crank as possible. To this end, also, the sides of the crank have been flattened, so that while they contain the same amount of metal as the round they allow a closer adjustment of the bearing to the line of strain and at the same time better distributing the metal in the sides to receive the strains to which they are exposed. It also makes them of better form for attaching the counterbalances.

In the machine shown the sides are pressed between the flat side of the cross-swage D and the flat ends of the side swages (3, so that as the side swages complete their movement the sides are flattened, as desired, and are brought to a right angle with the wrist-pin and crankshaft, and the corners at the angles are sharp and well defined, so that very little machinework is necessary to finish the crank.

It is not necessary that the ends of the bar should be brought to the plane of the ends of the swages O by the action of the cross-swage, but it is preferable, and if it is desired to shape shorter bars than will come to this position it may be found advantageous to extend the bar by interposing blocks, in order that there may be a direct action of the press upon the ends of the bars.

Any suitable press having a single line of force may be used. \Vhere a press operating from one side only is used, it is desirable that the die should be free to move onto the swage and key on the platen side of the press, or, in other words, may move to keep itself centered as to the swages and keys, and where a double press is used-that is, a press having a follower or moving part at each side-I also prefer that the die be left free in order that it may compensate by its movement any inequality in the movement of the followers. To effect this result, a convenient method is shown in Fig. 4, wherein the die is suspended by a wire rope H, which allows the die to move freely. To make a machine for forging metals into shapes of this character by an ordinary press exerting a single element or direction of pressure is a principal object of my invention.

In the machine shown the movement of the cross-swage D is completed before the side swages are actuated. It may be found that under certain conditions and with some materials it is desirable to vary the timing of the movements of the keys, and swages C, so that the side swage may start before the cross-swage completes its movements. This can be readily accomplished by varying the respective lengths of keys and swages C.

\Vhat I claim as new is- 1. In a machine for forging metal shapes, the combination with cross and side swages; of means substantially as described actuated by a single element or direction of force that forces said swages successively to their final positions.

2. In a machine for forging double cranks; the combination with the die for holding the bar to be shaped; of mechanism substantially as described adapted to be actuated by a single element or direction of force exerted upon said mechanism that forms said double crank with flat sides and full sharp corners at right angles to the wrist pin and the shaft.

3. I11 a machine for forging metal shapes; the combination with a die adapted to hold the bar to be shaped; of a cross swage 5 mechanism for actuating said cross swage transversely to the bar to bend the bar laterally; and side swages carried by the die; and mech* anism whereby said side swages are adapted to be actuated toward each other to complete the shaping of the bar subsequently to the movement of the cross swage.

4. In a machine for forging metal shapes, the combination with the die adapted to hold the bar to be shaped; of side and cross swages carriedby said die and adapted to move transversely to each other; and means substantially as described for actuating the cross swage and the side swage to complete the shaping of the bar subsequently to the movements of the cross swage from pressure ex erted from one direction.

5. In a machine for forging metal shapes, the combination with a die adapted to hold the bar to be shaped; of a series of swages that operate successively upon said bar from different directions mechanism substantially as described actuated from a single element or direction of force for imparting said suecessive movements to said swages; and means of locking a swage that has reached its ultimate position during the continuation of movement of another swage of the series.

6. In a machine for forging metal shapes,

the combination with the die adapted to hold the bar to be shaped; of a side swage carried by said die and adapted to be actuated by pressure; a cross swage carried by said die and adapted to move transversely to the side swage; and a key having a wedge surface to actuate said cross swage and parallel sides to lock said swage during a continued movement, said keys being adapted to be actuated by pressure exerted in the same direction as pressure actuating the side swage.

7. In a machine for forging metal shapes, the combination with the die --A- having channels -a-- --aand -03- therein; of side swages -C--in the channel --a-; cross swage D in the channel a and actuating keys E in the channel a.

8. In a machine for forging double cranks, the combination with a die adapted to hold a bar having a crank bend therein; of a side swage adapted to be actuated by end pressure, the outer end of which is in the plane of the end of the integral or extended bar, whereby said side swag'e and bar may be operated upon simultaneously by a single platen, substantially as described.

9. In a machine for forging metal shapes, the combination with a die adapted to hold the bar to be shaped; of a cross swage;1nechanism for actuating said cross swage trans- 15 bar may be operated upon by a single platen, 20

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY G. BARNHURST.

Witnesses WM. MARKS, J12, WM. P. HAYES. 

